Resolution 2231, which endorsed the 2015 Iran nuclear deal (JCPOA), will expire on October 18, 2025. This lifts all UN restrictions on Iran’s nuclear program.
Iran says it will follow only the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and will no longer accept limits on its nuclear activities. It insists its nuclear rights are non-negotiable.
The JCPOA began to fall apart after the U.S. withdrew in 2018 and reimposed sanctions. Efforts to revive the deal stalled, especially after U.S. strikes on Iranian nuclear sites in June 2025.
France, the UK, and Germany triggered the snapback mechanism to restore UN sanctions, but no agreement was reached at the UN to extend the deal.
China has called for restraint and dialogue. Experts warn that without diplomacy, the risk of future conflict increases.
Credit : CGTN
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