A new study based on lunar samples collected by China’s Chang’e-6 mission has confirmed that the moon was once entirely covered by a molten “magma ocean” in its early history. This discovery provides crucial insights into the moon’s formation and evolution.
Published in Science, the study was conducted by a research team from the Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. It analyzed two grams of lunar material retrieved from the moon’s far side—the first samples ever collected from that region. The findings reveal that basalt compositions on both the near and far sides of the moon are similar, supporting the long-standing lunar magma ocean model. The study also suggests that the impact event forming the South Pole-Aitken (SPA) Basin may have altered the moon’s early mantle.
The results confirm that the KREEP layer—a mineral-rich remnant of the magma ocean—exists on the far side, reinforcing the idea that the entire moon once had a global magma ocean. However, lead isotope analysis suggests that different regions evolved uniquely due to asteroid impacts, particularly the massive collision that created the SPA Basin.
The research team plans further studies on early lunar impacts, which could provide insights into Earth’s ancient history. The China National Space Administration (CNSA) has reaffirmed its commitment to advancing lunar research and collaborating with the global scientific community.
Source- CGTN
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